China

China


China (Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia and is the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1.428 billion in 2017. Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third largest country by area.[j] Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces,[k] five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

People's Republic of China


中华人民共和国 (Chinese)Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó (Pinyin)

Flag

National Emblem

Motto:

"Serve the People"为人民服务Wéi rénmín fúwù

Anthem:

"March of the Volunteers"义勇军进行曲Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ

Land controlled by the People's Republic of China shown in dark green; land claimed but not controlled shown in light green.

CapitalBeijing
39°55′N 116°23′ELargest cityShanghai (urban area)
Chongqing (metropolitan area and city proper)Official languagesStandard Chinese[a]Recognised regional languages

MongolianUyghurTibetanZhuangvarious others

Official scriptSimplified Chinese[b]Ethnic groups

Majority Han

55 minorities[c]

1.30% Zhuang0.86% Man (Manchu)0.79% Uygur (Uyghur)0.79% Hui0.72% Miao0.65% Yi0.62% Tujia0.47% Mongol0.44% Zang (Tibetan)0.26% Buyei0.15% Chosen (Korean)and others

Religion

See Religion in ChinaDemonym(s)ChineseMembershipUN, WTO, SCO, APEC, BRICS, BCIM, G20GovernmentUnitary Marxist-Leninist[1] one-party socialist republic[2]

• Party General Secretary
and President

Xi Jinping[d]

• Premier

Li Keqiang

• Congress Chairman

Li Zhanshu

• Conference Chairman

Wang Yang

• First Secretary of the Party Secretariat

Wang Huning

• Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission

Zhao Leji

• First Vice Premier

Han Zheng

• Vice President

Wang Qishan[e]LegislatureNational People's CongressFormation

• First pre-imperial dynasty

c. 2070 bce

• First imperial dynasty

221 bce

• Republic established

1 January 1912

• Proclamation of the People's Republic

1 October 1949

• Current constitution

4 December 1982

• Last polity admitted

20 December 1999Area

• Total

9,596,961 km2 (3,705,407 sq mi)[f][6] (3rd)

• Water (%)

2.8%[g]Population

• 2018 estimate

1,427,647,786 [8][9] (1st)

• 2010 census

1,339,724,852[10] (1st)

• Density

145[11]/km2 (375.5/sq mi) (83rd)GDP (PPP)2019 estimate

• Total

 $27.309 trillion[12] (1st)

• Per capita

 $19,504